Bernese Mountain Dogs and Estrela Mountain Dogs are both big, fluffy, working dogs bred for farms and families with Mountain in their names. We often have families who have owned a Bernese Mountain Dog interested in our Estrela Mountain Dog puppies and here are some things to know about the two breeds. Check out Estrela Mountain Dog Puppies Available Here
The Bernese Mountain Dog and the Estrela Mountain Dog have very similar sounding names, but these breeds have some key differences. Estrela Mountain Dogs weigh up to 140 pounds!
They come in both a short and a long hair variety of coat, are excellent with children, and have a longer projected lifespan then the Bernese Mountain Dog. They are also more aloof with strangers, they are excellent livestock guardians, and they are not as ‘needy’ when it comes to human attention.
Keep reading to learn all the differences between these awesome breeds!
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Estrela Mountain Dog Comparison:
| Category | Bernese Mountain Dog | Estrela Mountain Dog |
|---|---|---|
| Height | 23-27.5 inches | 25-29 inches |
| Weight | 70-115 pounds | 88-110 pounds |
| Coat | Thick, tricolor (black, white, and rust) | Thick, fawn, brindle, or wolf-gray coat |
| Lifespan | 7-10 years | 10-14 years |
| Tolerance to Children | Excellent | Excellent |
| Energy Level | Moderate | Low to moderate |
| Exercise Needs | Moderate | Low to moderate |
| Grooming Frequency | Weekly brushing | Bi-weekly brushing |
| Drooling Level | Moderate | Low |
| Barking Level | Moderate | Moderate to High |
| Training | Responsive but requires consistency | Independent but trainable with patience |
| Intelligence | High | High |
| Temperament | Friendly, affectionate, good with families | Protective, calm, independent, loves kids and livestock |
| Guarding Instinct | Moderate | Strong |
| Health Issues | Prone to cancer, hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, bloat | Prone to hip dysplasia, bloat |
| Adaptability | Moderate | High |
| Climate Tolerance | Cold climates preferred | Cold to moderate climates |
| Socialization | Requires early socialization | Requires early socialization |
| Shedding | Moderate to high | Moderate to high |
| Trainability | Highly trainable but needs consistency | Independent but trainable with patience |
| Good with Other Pets | Generally good, but may show dominance toward other animals | Generally good, especially with livestock, dominant with other dogs. Protects everything belonging to the owner. |
| Living Space | Prefers space, but adaptable to smaller homes if exercised | Best suited to larger homes with space, can do well in urban homes with a fenced yard. |
| Affection Level | Very affectionate, loves human companionship | Affectionate but can be more independent, aloof with strangers. |
Key Differences:
- Size: The Estrela Mountain Dog is generally larger and heavier than the Bernese Mountain Dog.
- Energy Level & Exercise: Bernese Mountain Dogs have a moderate energy level and require more regular exercise, while Estrelas are more laid-back and have lower exercise needs as adults.
- Temperament & Guarding: Estrelas have a stronger guarding instinct, whereas Bernese Mountain Dogs are more playful and people-oriented.
- Grooming & Shedding: Both breeds shed moderately to highly, but Bernese Mountain Dogs require more frequent grooming (weekly vs. bi-weekly for Estrelas).
- Training & Intelligence: Both breeds are intelligent and responsive, but Bernese Mountain Dogs are generally easier to train due to their people responsiveness, while Estrelas may need more patience due to their independent nature.
- Health & Lifespan: Bernese Mountain Dogs tend to have a shorter lifespan (7-9 years) and are prone to certain health conditions, like cancer, thyroid issues, and joint problems. Estrela Mountain Dogs have a longer lifespan (11-14 years) and are generally healthier but may still have issues like hip dysplasia.
This expanded comparison gives you a more detailed look at the differences and similarities between Bernese Mountain Dogs and Estrela Mountain Dogs, covering everything from size and grooming to temperament and health.
Origin of the Bernese Mountain Dog
The Bernese Mountain Dog, also known as the Berner Sennenhund, hails from the Swiss Alps, where it was primarily used as a working dog. These dogs were originally bred by Swiss farmers and herders for a variety of tasks, including pulling carts, driving cattle, and guarding farms. The breed’s robust build and strong work ethic made them ideal for the tough mountain terrain and harsh weather conditions of the Swiss region. Their name reflects their origins, with “Bernese” referring to the Canton of Bern in Switzerland, and “Sennenhund” meaning “herding dog.”
Over time, the Bernese Mountain Dog became a beloved companion for farmers and families due to its loyalty, intelligence, and gentle nature. While their working days are largely behind them, they still excel as family pets and are prized for their affectionate, calm demeanor.
Origin of the Estrela Mountain Dog
The Estrela Mountain Dog, or Cão da Serra da Estrela, is a native breed from the mountainous Estrela region of central Portugal. Known for its natural guarding abilities, the Estrela Mountain Dog was originally bred to protect livestock, particularly sheep, from predators like wolves and bears. These dogs were highly valued by farmers for their independence, intelligence, and unwavering protective instincts.
The breed’s history dates back centuries, with Estrelas being used not only as livestock guardians but also as companions in rural Portuguese communities. They were essential to the survival of small farms in harsh mountainous regions. Today, while still used as working dogs, Estrelas are also cherished as loyal family pets and protective companions. Their noble and courageous nature, combined with their striking appearance, makes them a unique and respected breed.
Temperament Differences: Estrela Mountain Dog vs. Bernese Mountain Dog
Bernese Mountain Dog Temperament:
The Bernese Mountain Dog is known for its affectionate, calm, and gentle temperament. They are typically great with children, other pets, and strangers, making them excellent family companions. Berners are highly social and enjoy being part of the family, often seeking attention and affection from their owners. They tend to form strong bonds with their families and are generally good-natured, making them easygoing and adaptable in a variety of environments.
While they are friendly and often good with other animals, they can sometimes be a bit reserved around strangers until they feel comfortable. Bernese Mountain Dogs are also known for being playful and gentle, but their large size means they need early training to ensure they are well-behaved, especially around small children.
Despite their affectionate nature, Bernese Mountain Dogs are not overly energetic, preferring moderate exercise and plenty of downtime. They enjoy a daily walk or playtime but are equally content relaxing indoors with their family. This breed is eager to please, which makes training relatively easy with the right approach.
Estrela Mountain Dog Temperament:
The Estrela Mountain Dog has a temperament that is both independent and protective. This breed is naturally reserved, often forming a strong bond with its family but remaining aloof and cautious around strangers. While they are incredibly loyal to their owners, Estrelas are known for their guarding instincts, which can make them wary of unfamiliar people and animals. This protective nature is one of the key traits that makes them such excellent livestock guardians, as they will go to great lengths to protect their flock and territory.
Estrelas are intelligent and independent thinkers, meaning they are less likely to seek constant attention from their owners. While they can be affectionate with their family, they are not as eager to please as the Bernese Mountain Dog, which can sometimes make training more challenging. Early socialization and consistent, firm training are important to prevent them from becoming overly territorial or aggressive.
Although Estrela Mountain Dogs are generally calm and laid-back indoors, they have a more relaxed, sober demeanor compared to the Bernese.
They tend to be quieter and more stoic, but they also genuinely love their people and are known to be protective of their home and family.
Their independent nature means they require an experienced handler who can provide leadership while respecting their primitive roots.
- They do not appreciate injustice, and they respect fair and gentle owners.
- They honestly want to do their job well and partner with their owner.
- They are always happy to see us when we come home.
- They are content to sleep at the foot of the couch or follow us around the house if they are inside with us.
- They like their perimeter walks.
- They enjoy sitting on high points to watch their environment.
Summary of Temperament Differences:
- Bernese Mountain Dogs are affectionate, gentle, and more people oriented, making them great family pets. They are not a Livestock Guardian Dog breed and they have a higher prey drive then the Estrela Mountain Dog.
- Estrela Mountain Dogs are more independent, relaxed and loyal to their owners. They should have a lower prey drive and be good with Livestock. They have a more aloof nature toward strangers, and are excellent estate guardians without being aggressive.
Each breed offers unique traits that can be ideal depending on your lifestyle and what you’re looking for in a companion. Bernese Mountain Dogs are perfect for families seeking a social, friendly pet, while Estrelas excel in environments where their protective and independent qualities are valued. They do not need to meet everyone on the street, and they will enjoy spending time wherever you or their charges are.
1. Health
The Bernese Mountain Dog as a breed is suffering from many different health issues with an ever shortening lifespan as a result. It is tragic. At this time, the average age of a BMD at death is about 7 years, and some studies predict it to be closer to 6 years. 6.5 years is NOT enough time with your heart dogs, in our opinion. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the Bernese Mountain Dog breed.
Bernese Mountain Dog:
Bernese Mountain Dogs have a relatively short lifespan of 6-8 years. They are prone to certain health conditions, including:
- Hip and Elbow Dysplasia: Genetic joint abnormalities that can cause pain and mobility issues.
- Blood Disorders: Conditions like Von Willebrand’s disease, which affects blood clotting.
- Cancer: Histiocytic sarcoma is the most common form of cancer affecting this breed.
- Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): A degenerative eye disease that can lead to blindness.
- Bloat: A life-threatening condition in which the stomach twists. Surgery can be performed to prevent this.
As a result, potential owners should be prepared for the health challenges this breed may face and make regular veterinary checkups a priority.
Estrela Mountain Dog:
The Estrela Mountain Dog is generally healthier and has a longer lifespan of 11-14 years. They should have a lower COI as a breed, and they have been raised in a more rugged envirnment. The Estrela should be a durable and athletic large breed dog, well into old age. However, they are still prone to certain health conditions, including:
- Hip Dysplasia: A common issue in large breeds that can cause joint pain and stiffness.
- Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
- Bloat: While less common in Estrelas, it is still a potential concern.
Despite these issues, Estrelas tend to have fewer genetic health problems than Bernese Mountain Dogs, making them a slightly more durable option in terms of longevity.
2. Training
Bernese Mountain Dog:
Bernese Mountain Dogs are highly intelligent and eager to please, making them relatively easy to train. It’s crucial to start basic obedience and socialization training early to help your Berner learn commands like sit, stay, and lie down. Training will also help with controlling their size and strength. Exposure to different people, animals, and environments will help them become well-adjusted and confident.
This breed responds well to positive reinforcement training techniques, such as clicker training, and can also be trained to walk on a leash and refrain from jumping. However, Berners are known to mature slowly, so patience is key during training. Short, frequent training sessions (5-10 minutes each) are more effective than one long session.
Estrela Mountain Dog:
The Estrela Mountain Dog is more independent and protective, which can make training slightly more challenging. While they are intelligent and can be trained, they require a calm and consistent approach. Early socialization is just as important for Estrelas as it is for Bernese Mountain Dogs, as it will help them become confident and comfortable around new people and situations.
Due to their strong guarding instincts, Estrelas may exhibit some stubbornness, but they are trainable with patience. They respond well to firm yet positive training techniques and require a confident owner who can establish themselves as the leader of the pack.
3. Diet and Nutrition
Bernese Mountain Dog:
A Bernese Mountain Dog requires a diet that supports their large frame and active lifestyle. A high-quality, nutritionally balanced canine diet should be provided, especially during their puppy stage to promote steady growth and prevent joint issues. Meals are typically given twice a day, and owners should avoid using elevated bowls to reduce the risk of bloat. Slow feeder bowls are a good option to encourage slower eating.
Overfeeding is a common issue with large breeds, and it’s important to keep track of their weight to avoid excessive stress on their joints. Discuss the appropriate amount of food and treats with your veterinarian to ensure that your Berner maintains a healthy weight.
Estrela Mountain Dog:
Estrela Mountain Dogs have similar dietary needs to Bernese Mountain Dogs, requiring a high-quality, balanced diet suitable for large breeds. Careful portion control is important to prevent overfeeding, especially since Estrelas are also prone to weight gain and joint issues.
Owners should avoid overfeeding and use slow feeders for the same reason as with Bernese Mountain Dogs.
Regular check-ups with the vet will help assess their nutritional needs and ensure their diet is appropriate for their age and activity level.
4. Grooming
Bernese Mountain Dog Grooming:
The Bernese Mountain Dog has a double coat that consists of a shorter undercoat and a longer outer coat. This combination helps to repel dirt and insulate them against cold temperatures, which is ideal for their native cold, snowy Swiss environment. However, they can overheat during hot summer months, and it’s best to keep them indoors on really hot days.
This breed sheds heavily, especially during the spring and fall. If you don’t mind fur around the house, this breed might be a good fit. Grooming should be done weekly, and daily brushing is recommended during shedding seasons to prevent mats and tangles. It’s important to begin grooming as a puppy to help them get accustomed to regular brushing.
Bathing should occur once a month or as needed, and monthly nail trimming and weekly ear checks are necessary. Dogs with floppy ears, like the Berner, are more prone to ear infections, so it’s essential to dry their ears thoroughly after swimming or bathing.
Lastly, while many Bernese Mountain Dogs don’t drool much, some with loose jowls can be significant droolers. Keep a cleanup cloth handy for wiping off excess slobber.
Estrela Mountain Dog Grooming:
The Estrela Mountain Dog also has a double coat that protects them from the elements and helps in colder climates, similar to the Bernese. Their coat can be fawn, brindle, or wolf-gray and requires regular care to keep it healthy. While they also shed moderately, the grooming needs are slightly less intense compared to the Bernese. Bi-weekly brushing should suffice, although more frequent brushing may be required during the shedding seasons.
Estrelas tend to drool less than Bernese Mountain Dogs, but their thick coats and grooming needs still require attention, especially in maintaining their long fur. Regular bathing every couple of months, along with nail trimming, is important for keeping them clean and healthy.
5. Pros and Cons of the Bernese vs Estrela
Bernese Mountain Dog Pros:
- Excellent family pet.
- Loyal, devoted, and affectionate.
- Trainable with consistent training methods.
- Good with children and other pets.
- Well-known as a big dog companion
Bernese Mountain Dog Cons:
- Short lifespan (6-8 years).
- Prone to cancer
- Can be independent
- Heavy shedding, especially during seasonal changes.
- Drool-prone, especially in dogs with loose jowls.
- Requires frequent grooming and regular exercise.
Estrela Mountain Dog Pros:
- Excellent guardian and protective instinct.
- One of the healthiest large dog breeds.
- Strong, intuitive, and calm temperament.
- Good with children and livestock.
- Longer lifespan (11-14 years).
- No drool, dry mouth.
Estrela Mountain Dog Cons:
- Independent, making training challenging.
- Requires a stable owner to manage their guarding instincts.
- Require secure fencing due to their athleticism.
- Moderate shedding, but less than the Bernese.
- Can be aloof with strangers.
Conclusion:
Both Bernese Mountain Dogs and Estrela Mountain Dogs are incredible breeds with a lot to offer, but they differ significantly in their characteristics.
Bernese Mountain Dogs are affectionate, friendly, and trainable, but they have a shorter lifespan and higher grooming and health concerns.
On the other hand, Estrela Mountain Dogs are more independent, protective, and tend to have fewer health problems, though they require a secure owner and more patience in training.
Choosing between these two breeds depends on your preferences and lifestyle. If you’re looking for a family dog with a lot of personality and you have the time and resources for the health issues and grooming, a Bernese Mountain Dog might be right for you. If you need a more protective family dog with a longer lifespan and a calmer disposition, an Estrela Mountain Dog could be a better fit.
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